VERBAL SENTENCE IN ARABIC LANGUAGE (الجملة الغعلية)

VERBAL SENTENCE IN ARABIC LANGUAGE (الجملة الفعلية)

By: Yusuf Basirat Bolanle

 

 DEFINITION AND DISCUSSION

What is a verbal sentence?

 A verbal sentence in Arabic language is known as (الجملة الفعلية). 

A basic verbal sentence in Arabic language  is the sentence that begins with a verb. It comprises of at least a verb (فعل) and a subject (فاعل).

 

The verb (الفعل) starts the sentence, followed by the subject (الفاعل) the doer, then the object (المفعول به) (which may be optional). The object may be optional in a verbal sentence because it usually adds to the meaning of the sentence but might not be part of what makes a Complete Sentence to make a complete sense.

 

In Arabic language, a complete sentence can be made by simply putting a verb and a subject together. Hence, the object becomes an optional.

 

 Parts of a Verbal Sentence

The verbal sentence comprises of the following parts as briefly mentioned above:

 

- (الفعل) The Verb

- (الفاعل) The Subject and

- (المفعول به) The Object (This may be optional)

 

The verb

The verb in Arabic language is known as  (الفعل). it is the real action that is being performed in a sentence by the subject. It is also the main word linking the different parts of the sentence.

 

Let us look into the following examples

 

يقرأ أبى القرأن

My father is reading the Quran

 

جلس أخى على الكرسي

My brother sat on the chair

 

فتح يوسف الباب

Yusuf opened the door

 

تنظف راضية الغرفة

Rodiyah is cleaning the room

  

In the above examples, the underlined words are the verbs. They are indicating or pointing to the actions being performed in the sentences.

 

The subject

The second of these parts is "The subject". In Arabic language, the subject is known as  (الفاعل). It is the doer of the action in a sentence. The subject is the one who perform an action/actions in a particular sentence.

 

Now, let us go through the following examples:

 

يقرأ أبى القرأن

My father is reading Quran

 

جلس أخى على الكرسي

My brother sat on the chair

 

فتح يوسف الباب

Yusuf opened the door

 

 تنظف راضية الغرفة

Rodiyah is cleaning the room

 

In the above sentences, the underlined words are the subjects. They are the one that performed action in each of the sentences as indicated above.

The subject can be indicated by the combination of the verb and the subject in a single word, and not written separately. for example:

 

أعمل مدرسا

I work as a teacher

 

يقرأ القرأن

He reads the Quran

 

فتحنا الباب

We opened the door

 

 The above show the subjects being joined together with verbs or at the end of the verbs.

 

The object

The object is called (المفعول به) in Arabic. The subject is the person or thing that receives the action of the verb in a sentence.

The object of a verbal sentence is optional as explained above.

 

يقرأ أبى القرأن

My father is reading the Quran

 

جلس أخى على الكرسي

My brother sat on the chair

 

فتح يوسف الباب

Yusuf opened the door

 

تنظف راضية الغرفة

Rodiyah is cleaning the room 

In all the above sentences here, the underlined words are all objects. A critical look at them shows that they might be removed from the sentences and they will still make their complete sense. That is why the object in some cases may be optional and not compulsory. The objects always add to the meaning of a sentence.

 

Here is the Summary

The Verbal Sentence and its Parts

(الجملة الفعلية وأجزائها)

 

                The Object                       The Subject          The Verb

       الفعل                   الفاعل                  المفعول به

تكتب                            راضية                           على السبورة      

قرأ                                ت                                 القرأن       

ضرب                           نا                                     الكلب        

                              ينام                                        عيسى

 


Here is the summary of what we have been discussing above:

In Arabic language,The verbal sentence is the sentence that start with verb. it has three main parts, which are: The subjects, The verb and The Object. The Object may be optional. that is, the object is not a compulsory part of a verbal sentence.

Read Nominal Sentence Here:

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