HUMAN BODY (ANATOMY)
By: Yusuf Basirat Bolanle
Topic Outline:
- Introduction to Human body (Anatomy)
Anatomy
What is Anatomy?
Anatomy is the study of the structure of human body. It is the science that concerns itself with the structure of body of humans, animals, and other living organisms.
Human Body
This is what make a human, human and other living organisms.The human body is everything that makes up human being and other living organisms. There are major parts of human body which are the head, neck, torso, arms and legs.
Body systems
The body system consists of some important systems that makes every day living of humans to be possible. They are systems that are assigned to carry out some important functions in our body These systems are all working together and made up of what we call human body
The following are the important systems in Human body
8. Urinary System
9. Endocrine System
10. Immune System
11. Lymphatic System and
12. Skin, Or Integumentary System
Here are the brief explanations on each of the systems
1 The Skeletal System:
The skeletal system helps in the movement of the body and
the production of of blood cells. This system consists of bones
that are present in our body. They can be found in different
joint parts of our body system. The help in the flexibility of our
body
2 The Circulatory System:
The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood, blood
vessels, arteries and veins. They are responsible for moving
and transporting of the blood, oxygen and nutrients in the
body. They also ensure they are well circulated throughout
the body.
3 The skin
The skin protect the body from any external harm. it is the
system that also protect and prevent us from contacting any
harmful diseases. It is the system that is responsible for
regulating our body temperature and prevent the body against
harmful bacterial.
4. The Digestive System:
The digestive system is responsible for the breaking
down of food and removal of waste from our body. The
digestive system includes:
the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestine, rectum, and anus, the liver and the pancreas
5 The Nervous System:
The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves that
connect every other part of the body to the central nervous
system. The nervous system helps in controlling all our
actions like breathing and movement of the body or
movement from one place to the other.
6 The Reproductive System:
The reproductive system helps in producing new offspring. It
consists of both male and female reproductive systems. The
male reproductive system includes the penis and the testes,
which produce sperm. The female reproductive system
consists of the vagina, the uterus and the ovaries, which
produce eggs.
7 The Muscular System:
The Muscular System contains body
muscles that help
in the body movement, blood flow and other bodily functions.
There are three types of muscle: Skeletal Muscle which is
connected to bone and helps with voluntary movement,
Smooth Muscle which is found inside organs and helps to
move substances through organs, and Cardiac Muscle which
is found in the heart and helps pump blood.
8 The Respiratory System:
The respiratory system helps in breathing in and out.
It helps us to take in vital oxygen and expel carbon dioxide
in a process we call breathing. It consists mainly of the nose,
the trachea, the diaphragm and the lungs.
9 The Urinary System:
The Urinary System helps to eliminate a waste product called
urea from the body, which is produced when certain foods are
broken down. The urinary system includes two kidneys, two
ureters, the bladder, two sphincter muscles and the urethra.
Urine produced by the kidneys travels down the ureters to the
bladder, and exits the body through the urethra.
10 The endocrine System:
It consists of eight major glands that secrete hormones into
the blood. They are: Pineal
gland, Parathyroid glands, Adrenal glands, Pituitary glands
and Thyroid gland.
11. The Immune System:
This defends body against bacteria, viruses and other
pathogens that may be harmful. It includes lymph nodes, the
spleen, bone marrow, lymphocytes, the thymus and
leukocytes, which are white blood cells.
12. The Lymphatic System:
This system helps the body fight infection.
It also removes excess lymph fluid from bodily tissues, and
returns it to the blood. It includes lymph nodes, lymph ducts
and lymph vessels.
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